아래의 결과는 Raspberry Pi에서 동일하게 실행한 결과이지만, 아래와 같이 시간이 제각각이다.
- dmseg와 비교
$ dmesg
[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.14.34-v7+ (dc4@dc4-XPS13-9333) (gcc version 4.9.3 (crosstool-NG crosstool-ng-1.22.0-88-g8460611)) #1110 SMP Mon Apr 16 15:18:51 BST 2018
[ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [410fd034] revision 4 (ARMv7), cr=10c5383d
[ 0.000000] CPU: div instructions available: patching division code
[ 0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B Rev 1.2
[ 0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writealloc
[ 0.000000] cma: Reserved 8 MiB at 0x37800000
[ 0.000000] On node 0 totalpages: 229376
[ 0.000000] free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat 80c84e40, node_mem_map b7016000
[ 0.000000] Normal zone: 2016 pages used for memmap
[ 0.000000] Normal zone: 0 pages reserved
[ 0.000000] Normal zone: 229376 pages, LIFO batch:31
[ 0.000000] random: fast init done
[ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 17 pages/cpu @b6fbf000 s38720 r8192 d22720 u69632
[ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: s38720 r8192 d22720 u69632 alloc=17*4096
[ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: [0] 0 [0] 1 [0] 2 [0] 3
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 227360
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: 8250.nr_uarts=0 bcm2708_fb.fbwidth=1920 bcm2708_fb.fbheight=1080 bcm2708_fb.fbswap=1 vc_mem.mem_base=0x3ec00000 vc_mem.mem_size=0x40000000 dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=ttyS0,115200 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=0c830106-02 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline fsck.repair=yes rootwait quiet splash plymouth.ignore-serial-consoles
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Memory: 887456K/917504K available (7168K kernel code, 575K rwdata, 2072K rodata, 1024K init, 706K bss, 21856K reserved, 8192K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:
vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB)
fixmap : 0xffc00000 - 0xfff00000 (3072 kB)
vmalloc : 0xb8800000 - 0xff800000 (1136 MB)
lowmem : 0x80000000 - 0xb8000000 ( 896 MB)
modules : 0x7f000000 - 0x80000000 ( 16 MB)
.text : 0x80008000 - 0x80800000 (8160 kB)
.init : 0x80b00000 - 0x80c00000 (1024 kB)
.data : 0x80c00000 - 0x80c8fd4c ( 576 kB)
.bss : 0x80c96f4c - 0x80d478b4 ( 707 kB)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=4, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] ftrace: allocating 25231 entries in 74 pages
[ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16
[ 0.000000] arch_timer: cp15 timer(s) running at 19.20MHz (phys).
[ 0.000000] clocksource: arch_sys_counter: mask: 0xffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x46d987e47, max_idle_ns: 440795202767 ns
[ 0.000007] sched_clock: 56 bits at 19MHz, resolution 52ns, wraps every 4398046511078ns
[ 0.000019] Switching to timer-based delay loop, resolution 52ns
[ 0.000267] Console: colour dummy device 80x30
[ 0.000285] console [tty1] enabled
[ 0.000310] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 38.40 BogoMIPS (lpj=192000)
[ 0.000324] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.000640] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[ 0.000654] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[ 0.001589] Disabling memory control group subsystem
[ 0.001669] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
[ 0.002060] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 0, mpidr 80000000
[ 0.002435] Setting up static identity map for 0x100000 - 0x10003c
[ 0.002553] Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[ 0.003188] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[ 0.003869] CPU1: thread -1, cpu 1, socket 0, mpidr 80000001
[ 0.004618] CPU2: thread -1, cpu 2, socket 0, mpidr 80000002
[ 0.005346] CPU3: thread -1, cpu 3, socket 0, mpidr 80000003
[ 0.005449] smp: Brought up 1 node, 4 CPUs
[ 0.005460] SMP: Total of 4 processors activated (153.60 BogoMIPS).
[ 0.005465] CPU: All CPU(s) started in HYP mode.
[ 0.005469] CPU: Virtualization extensions available.
[ 0.006311] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.016951] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 40 variant 3 rev 4
[ 0.017174] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[ 0.017192] futex hash table entries: 1024 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 0.017748] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[ 0.018490] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 0.021211] DMA: preallocated 1024 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations
[ 0.026008] hw-breakpoint: found 5 (+1 reserved) breakpoint and 4 watchpoint registers.
[ 0.026015] hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 8 bytes.
[ 0.026219] Serial: AMBA PL011 UART driver
[ 0.027834] bcm2835-mbox 3f00b880.mailbox: mailbox enabled
[ 0.028291] uart-pl011 3f201000.serial: could not find pctldev for node /soc/gpio@7e200000/uart0_pins, deferring probe
[ 0.059383] bcm2835-dma 3f007000.dma: DMA legacy API manager at b8813000, dmachans=0x1
[ 0.060908] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 0.061128] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 0.061179] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 0.061261] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 0.070088] raspberrypi-firmware soc:firmware: Attached to firmware from 2018-04-16 18:21
[ 0.071505] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arch_sys_counter
[ 0.148883] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0
[ 0.148967] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.149154] FS-Cache: Loaded
[ 0.149351] CacheFiles: Loaded
[ 0.158152] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 0.158874] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.158984] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 0.159170] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[ 0.159299] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.159343] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.159571] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 0.160016] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[ 0.160022] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[ 0.160027] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[ 0.160032] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[ 0.161625] hw perfevents: enabled with armv7_cortex_a7 PMU driver, 7 counters available
[ 0.164360] workingset: timestamp_bits=14 max_order=18 bucket_order=4
[ 0.172272] FS-Cache: Netfs 'nfs' registered for caching
[ 0.172862] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type
[ 0.172900] Key type id_resolver registered
[ 0.172906] Key type id_legacy registered
[ 0.172921] nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering...
[ 0.174757] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 251)
[ 0.174881] io scheduler noop registered
[ 0.174887] io scheduler deadline registered (default)
[ 0.175165] io scheduler cfq registered
[ 0.175173] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 0.175179] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 0.177875] BCM2708FB: allocated DMA memory f7910000
[ 0.177903] BCM2708FB: allocated DMA channel 0 @ b8813000
[ 0.235713] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 240x67
[ 0.270742] bcm2835-rng 3f104000.rng: hwrng registered
[ 0.270873] vc-mem: phys_addr:0x00000000 mem_base=0x3ec00000 mem_size:0x40000000(1024 MiB)
[ 0.271359] vc-sm: Videocore shared memory driver
[ 0.271668] gpiomem-bcm2835 3f200000.gpiomem: Initialised: Registers at 0x3f200000
[ 0.281295] brd: module loaded
[ 0.290358] loop: module loaded
[ 0.290371] Loading iSCSI transport class v2.0-870.
[ 0.291045] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[ 0.291140] usbcore: registered new interface driver lan78xx
[ 0.291196] usbcore: registered new interface driver smsc95xx
[ 0.291213] dwc_otg: version 3.00a 10-AUG-2012 (platform bus)
[ 0.519375] Core Release: 2.80a
[ 0.519387] Setting default values for core params
[ 0.519418] Finished setting default values for core params
[ 0.719681] Using Buffer DMA mode
[ 0.719687] Periodic Transfer Interrupt Enhancement - disabled
[ 0.719693] Multiprocessor Interrupt Enhancement - disabled
[ 0.719699] OTG VER PARAM: 0, OTG VER FLAG: 0
[ 0.719710] Dedicated Tx FIFOs mode
[ 0.720068] WARN::dwc_otg_hcd_init:1046: FIQ DMA bounce buffers: virt = 0xb7904000 dma = 0xf7904000 len=9024
[ 0.720095] FIQ FSM acceleration enabled for :
Non-periodic Split Transactions
Periodic Split Transactions
High-Speed Isochronous Endpoints
Interrupt/Control Split Transaction hack enabled
[ 0.720102] dwc_otg: Microframe scheduler enabled
[ 0.720158] WARN::hcd_init_fiq:459: FIQ on core 1 at 0x805e6a40
[ 0.720169] WARN::hcd_init_fiq:460: FIQ ASM at 0x805e6da8 length 36
[ 0.720182] WARN::hcd_init_fiq:486: MPHI regs_base at 0xb887e000
[ 0.720238] dwc_otg 3f980000.usb: DWC OTG Controller
[ 0.720273] dwc_otg 3f980000.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[ 0.720305] dwc_otg 3f980000.usb: irq 62, io mem 0x00000000
[ 0.720350] Init: Port Power? op_state=1
[ 0.720355] Init: Power Port (0)
[ 0.720566] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002
[ 0.720577] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 0.720585] usb usb1: Product: DWC OTG Controller
[ 0.720594] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 4.14.34-v7+ dwc_otg_hcd
[ 0.720602] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 3f980000.usb
[ 0.721235] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 0.721274] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[ 0.721851] dwc_otg: FIQ enabled
[ 0.721857] dwc_otg: NAK holdoff enabled
[ 0.721862] dwc_otg: FIQ split-transaction FSM enabled
[ 0.721872] Module dwc_common_port init
[ 0.722108] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 0.722280] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[ 0.722356] IR NEC protocol handler initialized
[ 0.722361] IR RC5(x/sz) protocol handler initialized
[ 0.722367] IR RC6 protocol handler initialized
[ 0.722372] IR JVC protocol handler initialized
[ 0.722377] IR Sony protocol handler initialized
[ 0.722382] IR SANYO protocol handler initialized
[ 0.722388] IR Sharp protocol handler initialized
[ 0.722393] IR MCE Keyboard/mouse protocol handler initialized
[ 0.722398] IR XMP protocol handler initialized
[ 0.723081] bcm2835-wdt 3f100000.watchdog: Broadcom BCM2835 watchdog timer
[ 0.723342] bcm2835-cpufreq: min=600000 max=1200000
[ 0.723695] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
[ 0.723700] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
[ 0.724059] mmc-bcm2835 3f300000.mmc: could not get clk, deferring probe
[ 0.724384] sdhost-bcm2835 3f202000.mmc: could not get clk, deferring probe
[ 0.724475] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper
[ 0.725899] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
[ 0.726080] hidraw: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina
[ 0.726204] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 0.726210] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 0.726986] vchiq: vchiq_init_state: slot_zero = b7980000, is_master = 0
[ 0.728438] [vc_sm_connected_init]: start
[ 0.738907] [vc_sm_connected_init]: end - returning 0
[ 0.739490] Initializing XFRM netlink socket
[ 0.739515] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 0.739614] Key type dns_resolver registered
[ 0.740155] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler
[ 0.740743] registered taskstats version 1
[ 0.746682] uart-pl011 3f201000.serial: cts_event_workaround enabled
[ 0.746760] 3f201000.serial: ttyAMA0 at MMIO 0x3f201000 (irq = 87, base_baud = 0) is a PL011 rev2
[ 0.748563] mmc-bcm2835 3f300000.mmc: mmc_debug:0 mmc_debug2:0
[ 0.748573] mmc-bcm2835 3f300000.mmc: DMA channel allocated
[ 0.802145] sdhost: log_buf @ b7907000 (f7907000)
[ 0.841999] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (2 bytes)
[ 0.843546] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (3 bytes)
[ 0.845094] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (3 bytes)
[ 0.847873] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (7 bytes)
[ 0.881525] mmc0: sdhost-bcm2835 loaded - DMA enabled (>1)
[ 0.882587] of_cfs_init
[ 0.882674] of_cfs_init: OK
[ 0.883263] Waiting for root device PARTUUID=0c830106-02...
[ 0.931645] Indeed it is in host mode hprt0 = 00021501
[ 1.025154] mmc1: new high speed SDIO card at address 0001
[ 1.062700] mmc0: host does not support reading read-only switch, assuming write-enable
[ 1.066145] mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address aaaa
[ 1.066597] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SL16G 14.8 GiB
[ 1.068991] mmcblk0: p1 p2
[ 1.082349] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 1.082407] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) readonly on device 179:2.
[ 1.090094] devtmpfs: mounted
[ 1.093347] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1024K
[ 1.141555] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using dwc_otg
[ 1.141709] Indeed it is in host mode hprt0 = 00001101
[ 1.381850] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=9514
[ 1.381866] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[ 1.382646] hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found
[ 1.382738] hub 1-1:1.0: 5 ports detected
[ 1.467302] systemd[1]: System time before build time, advancing clock.
[ 1.593629] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[ 1.594870] Segment Routing with IPv6
[ 1.607961] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[ 1.630555] systemd[1]: systemd 232 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN)
[ 1.631146] systemd[1]: Detected architecture arm.
[ 1.636234] systemd[1]: Set hostname to .
[ 1.701617] usb 1-1.1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using dwc_otg
[ 1.831917] usb 1-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=0424, idProduct=ec00
[ 1.831933] usb 1-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[ 1.834693] smsc95xx v1.0.6
[ 1.935161] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: register 'smsc95xx' at usb-3f980000.usb-1.1, smsc95xx USB 2.0 Ethernet, b8:27:eb:ef:b7:f8
[ 2.088664] systemd[1]: Listening on fsck to fsckd communication Socket.
[ 2.089776] systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice.
[ 2.090066] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log).
[ 2.090367] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket.
[ 2.090623] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket.
[ 2.090869] systemd[1]: Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
[ 2.091802] systemd[1]: Set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
[ 2.213886] i2c /dev entries driver
[ 2.550410] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): re-mounted. Opts: (null)
[ 2.636913] systemd-journald[85]: Received request to flush runtime journal from PID 1
[ 3.188170] snd_bcm2835: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[ 3.193560] bcm2835_alsa bcm2835_alsa: card created with 8 channels
[ 3.324525] brcmfmac: F1 signature read @0x18000000=0x1541a9a6
[ 3.335237] brcmfmac: brcmf_fw_map_chip_to_name: using brcm/brcmfmac43430-sdio.bin for chip 0x00a9a6(43430) rev 0x000001
[ 3.335531] usbcore: registered new interface driver brcmfmac
[ 3.586694] brcmfmac: brcmf_c_preinit_dcmds: Firmware version = wl0: Oct 23 2017 03:55:53 version 7.45.98.38 (r674442 CY) FWID 01-e58d219f
[ 3.587608] brcmfmac: brcmf_c_preinit_dcmds: CLM version = API: 12.2 Data: 7.11.15 Compiler: 1.24.2 ClmImport: 1.24.1 Creation: 2014-05-26 10:53:55 Inc Data: 9.10.39 Inc Compiler: 1.29.4 Inc ClmImport: 1.36.3 Creation: 2017-10-23 03:47:14
[ 4.653711] uart-pl011 3f201000.serial: no DMA platform data
[ 5.262444] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready
[ 5.262495] brcmfmac: power management disabled
[ 5.553997] Process accounting resumed
[ 5.788790] Adding 102396k swap on /var/swap. Priority:-2 extents:1 across:102396k SSFS
[ 5.827103] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: hardware isn't capable of remote wakeup
[ 5.827305] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
[ 7.266908] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready
[ 9.231593] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22
[ 9.231749] NET: Registered protocol family 31
[ 9.231756] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[ 9.233499] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[ 9.233524] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[ 9.233588] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[ 9.263519] Bluetooth: HCI UART driver ver 2.3
[ 9.263534] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol H4 registered
[ 9.263541] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Three-wire (H5) registered
[ 9.263800] Bluetooth: HCI UART protocol Broadcom registered
[ 9.463472] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[ 9.463481] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[ 9.463503] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
[ 9.519323] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized
[ 9.519370] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized
[ 9.519398] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11
[ 10.458720] fuse init (API version 7.26)
- 전체시간- dmesg 비교
일단 비교를 해보자.
$ systemd-analyze Startup finished in 1.422s (kernel) + 8.050s (userspace) = 9.472s
상위에서 Kernel이라고 생각하는 부분이 systemd의 첫번째 실행시간 같으며, 그전의 시간을 Kernel이라고 생각하는 것 같다.
요즘 Filesystem의 구조를 보면 sysvInit 구성에서 systemd의 구성으로 변경이 되고 있지만,혼재되어 사용되어지기 때문에 이를 가지고 정확한 데이타로 보기는 힘들것 같다.
- Service 실행시간 비교
$ systemd-analyze blame // 상위가 마지막으로 실행된 서비스
4.893s hciuart.service
1.917s networking.service
1.600s dphys-swapfile.service
1.210s bootchart.service
1.200s bootchart-done.service
1.186s dev-mmcblk0p2.device
1.149s acct.service
1.139s raspi-config.service
719ms lightdm.service
704ms keyboard-setup.service
603ms systemd-logind.service
368ms polkit.service
359ms ssh.service
329ms avahi-daemon.service
322ms systemd-timesyncd.service
314ms systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-0c830106\x2d01.service
304ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
291ms udisks2.service
270ms systemd-fsck-root.service
265ms systemd-udevd.service
229ms rsyslog.service
219ms dhcpcd.service
201ms systemd-journald.service
169ms fake-hwclock.service
167ms gldriver-test.service
160ms wifi-country.service
156ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
148ms triggerhappy.service
144ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
134ms user@1000.service
132ms bluetooth.service
114ms plymouth-start.service
112ms systemd-remount-fs.service
105ms alsa-restore.service
103ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
97ms run-rpc_pipefs.mount
90ms systemd-journal-flush.service
81ms dev-mqueue.mount
78ms systemd-update-utmp.service
74ms kmod-static-nodes.service
71ms systemd-random-seed.service
70ms systemd-modules-load.service
67ms boot.mount
57ms systemd-sysctl.service
53ms plymouth-read-write.service
49ms console-setup.service
48ms plymouth-quit-wait.service
43ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
34ms rc-local.service
34ms nfs-config.service
33ms systemd-rfkill.service
32ms plymouth-quit.service
27ms systemd-user-sessions.service
26ms sys-kernel-config.mount
17ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
- Target 분석
Unit 단위로 Tree형태로 @와 offset 시간을 제공을 해주고 잇다.
$ systemd-analyze critical-chain
The time after the unit is active or started is printed after the "@" character.
The time the unit takes to start is printed after the "+" character.
graphical.target @7.995s
└─multi-user.target @7.994s
└─bluealsa.service @7.994s
└─bluetooth.service @7.858s +132ms
└─hciuart.service @2.958s +4.893s
└─basic.target @2.768s
└─sockets.target @2.768s
└─avahi-daemon.socket @2.768s
└─sysinit.target @2.766s
└─systemd-timesyncd.service @2.442s +322ms
└─systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service @2.283s +144ms
└─local-fs.target @2.275s
└─run-user-1000.mount @6.960s
└─local-fs-pre.target @1.468s
└─keyboard-setup.service @760ms +704ms
└─system.slice @688ms
└─-.slice @568ms
- 전체시간을 그림표현
$ systemd-analyze plot > plot.svg // svg 그림파일로 변경 $ eog plot.svg // svg 파일 확인 or 브라우저 확인
기본이 Kernel Boot 부터 본인의 boot mode의 target (e.g multi-user.target)까지 의 분석이며, 착각하지 말아야 할거이 부팅때마다 다를 수 있다는 것을 명심하자
좀더 자세한 분석 방법은 아래의 메뉴얼참조
https://jlk.fjfi.cvut.cz/arch/manpages/man/systemd-analyze.1
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Improving_performance/Boot_process
http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/systemd-analyze.1.html